The Causes Of Rising Cholesterol Levels In The Bloodstream



There isn't any clear scientifically proven explanation as to exactly how a diet high in saturated fat could be the cause of rising cholesterol in the blood. We also do not know precisely how cholesterol could develop heart disease. But there is a very plausible theory which has a large following in the scientific community.

The LDL connection

It starts with a high level of LDL cholesterol. Excess levels of LDL cholesterol usually cause some of the excess cholesterol to move towards the artery walls. The more the LDL levels, the more cholesterol moves out of the bloodstream and into the blood vessel walls. Rigidity of the artery walls may determine how much cholesterol may stay on the artery walls. Smoking, high blood pressure levels, diabetes, as well as other influences like stress might constrict artery walls. This may result in a disruption in the flow of blood and pressure. When this occurs, artery walls may weaken or become scarred in the first layer of the lining allowing LDL to further embed into the artery walls.

The role of swelling

This sets off a chain reaction in which the body effectively sabotages itself. Swelling flares up in the affected region causing White blood cells or macrophages to rush to the scene. The macrophages ingest the cholesterol and get engorged further blocking the bloodstream. These cells continue to call for even more reinforcements causing even more congestion for the blood circulation. The macrophages are created to destroy infectious microbes and then disappear are fighting Lipids which by their very nature are being constantly reproduced. A never ending battle rages. This leads to a stable and continuing state of inflammation inside the artery wall. At some point the overloaded macrophage is destroyed and all the cholesterol and inflammatory substances are discharged into the artery wall.

Eventually the body forms a cap of sorts over the inflamed wall section. This cap forms plaque which starts the state of atherosclerosis as well as the shrinking of the artery opening and resultant constriction in the blood circulation. If this occur in an artery that leads to the heart, it can impede the blood circulation to the heart. This restriction however does not usually cause a cardiac arrest. Plaque deposits are full of inflammation and LDL. Immune cells, T-lymphocytes and macrophages, are the most severe in terms of containing inflammatory cells. If the plaque deposit has a thin cap, it is more likely to rupture.

Ruptures are the common cause of cardiac arrest.

Should a plaque cap rupture, blood will seep into the artery wall. The normal wound response mechanism begins and clotting agents are transported to the region. Platelets enter the wound to create a scab that inside an artery wall is life threatening. This scab or clot inside an artery is called a thrombus. It may block blood circulation and oxygen to the heart muscle. The section of the heart which is deprived of oxygen rich blood starts to die. This is why cardiac arrest occur. The medical term is a myocardial infarction.

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